Dinamika Sosial Kampung Arab: Studi tentang Pola Jaringan Pelaku Kawin Kontrak di Kawasan Puncak Cisarua Bogor
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15642/jicd.2022.2.2.15-25Keywords:
kampung Arab, kawin kontrak, dinamika sosialAbstract
Puncak merupakan kawasan wisata di Kabupaten Bogor yang ramai dikunjungi wisatawan domestik maupun wisatawan asing. Wisatawan asing yang berlibur di kawasan Puncak didominasi oleh wisatawan yang berasal dari Timur Tengah atau pribumi biasanya menyebutnya dengan sebutan “orang Arab”. Hal menarik dari kawasan Puncak yaitu terdapat sebuah daerah yang disebut dengan “Kampung Arab”. Keberadaan wisatawan Arab di kawasan Puncak menjadi faktor penyebab munculnya fenomena “kawin kontrak”. Menurut James Clyde Mitchell (1969), jaringan sosial merupakan seperangkat hubungan spesifik yang terbentuk diantara sekelompok orang, karakteristik dari hubungan-hubungan tersebut dipergunakan dalam menginterpretasi berbagai motif perilaku sosial dari setiap orang yang terlibat hingga pada dimensi yang terselubung (hidden dimensions) yang terjadi di dalamnya. Hubungan yang terjadi di antara pelaku kawin kontrak di kawasan Puncak Cisarua Bogor secara garis besar bersifat sekunder dan juga motif yang melatarbelakangi mereka melakukan praktik tersebut yaitu berkaitan dengan kebutuhan (biologis), kepentingan (uang), dan perasaan (kesetiaan). Penelitian ini bertujuan menggali informasi terkait pola-pola yang terbentuk dalam jaringan kawin kontrak serta menginterpretasikan motif yang melatarbelakangi pelaku kawin kontrak tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif berdasarkan pendekatan jenis studi kasus dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui wawancara secara mendalam terhadap informan yang telah ditentukan.
Puncak is a tourist area in Bogor Regency which is visited by domestic and foreign tourists. Foreign tourists who vacation in the Puncak area are dominated by tourists who come from the Middle East or natives who usually refer to them as "Arabs". The interesting thing about the Puncak area is that there is an area called "Kampung Arab". The presence of Arab tourists in the Puncak area is a factor causing the emergence of the "contract marriage" phenomenon. According to James Clyde Mitchell (1969), social networks are a set of specific relationships that are formed between a group of people, the characteristics of these relationships are used in interpreting various social behavior motives of everyone involved up to the hidden dimensions that occur in society. inside. The relationship that occurs between contract marriage actors in the Puncak Cisarua Bogor area is broadly secondary and also the motives behind them carrying out this practice are related to needs (biology), interests (money), and feelings (loyalty). This study aims to explore information related to the patterns formed in contract marriage networks and to interpret the motives behind the contract marriage actors. This study uses a qualitative method based on a case study type approach with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews with predetermined informants.
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